Momtezuma Tuatara
12-01-09, 07:23 PM
Here is a slide PDF (http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/592/Documents/Measles.pdf)which summarises what is below, plus a bit extra
English measles.
The time from exposure to the development of the first symptoms of measles infection is usually 9 - 11 days, and from exposure to the appearance of rash is about 2 weeks
The initial manifestations of the disease are tiredness, sore eyes, dislike of the light (photophobia) , irritability, fever as high as 105 degree Farenheit, pregressing to conjunctivitis with lots of water eye discharge, swelling of the eyelids. Sometimes there is a moderately severe hacking cough, and nasal discharge. Look in the mouth, and you might see Koplik's spots, which are small red, irregular lesions in the mouth, with a raised white centre, which looks like a large attached piece of salt, appear just before the body rash.
The prodromal stage usually lasts 3 - 4 days, with a range of 1 to 8 days before the onset of a rash.
The red maculopapular rash breaks out first on the forehead, and spreads downwards over the face, neck and body and appears on the feet on the third day. The rash is thickest on the forehead, face and shoulders, though if the child is wearing nappies, it will be thick there also. The rash stays for about 3 days, disappearing in the same order in which they appeared. which means that in classical measles, the rash will be around for about 5 days.
The crucial thing to remember about English measles, is that as the spots disappear, a brown discoloration of the skin can be noticed, which gradually fades.
If you are needed a diagnostic key, then for measles, apart from the time frame, Koplik spots, and the brown patina after the rash are the definitive signs to look for.
Obviously with each child there will be variation. With our oldest, everything was shorter. With the youngest, everything was longer, and more intense, and he also got ear ache and a chest infection.
Immunodeficient children can have severe complication like giant-cell pneumonia, and sometimes the conjuctivitis can progress to corneal ulceration. Myocarditis, and superimposed bacterial pneumonia caused by Streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, or hemophilus are more common that pneumonia in these children...
In the medical literature, time and again....the administration of Vitamin A in measles has been shown to drastically reduce the severity of the course of diseases particularly in countries which have chronic vitamin A deficiencies, but some medical articles include hospitalized american children. The literature suggests using it, even in so called normal people. I advocate it when the child has photophobia, and trouble with the light.
if they don't have trouble with the light ( a sign that vitamin A is being pulled out of the retinal cells) , and are happy enough, there is no need to give it IMO.
On adults the fever lasts longer, the rash is worse, and the incidence of complication higher.
Many children who have had the measles vaccine get measles, but sometimes that is in an atypical form, therefore much harder to diagnose.
My two children got my GP all excited, because they were the first cases of classical measles that he had ever seen, so wanted to see them a lot more often so that he could get a handle on what is "normal" in unvaccinated children.
He also told me that most vaccinated children are sicker for longer (in his experience) with measles than unvaccinated children. He said that mostly they appear slightly less sick, but that it dragggggssss out...., and that he finds it much harder to treat (with quackery) than unvaccinated children.
Those who were given the killed vaccine in 1963 - 1967, can get a severe type of atypical measles in which the prodromal period is more intense, shorter (2 - 3 days) and is followed by quite a different rash of maculopapules, vesicles and petechiae (miniature blood clots in the skin) In contrast to natural measles, the rash usually begins on the feet, and moves upwards, and is concentrated on the legs and in the body creases. Peripheral edema, and pneumonia are very common, and is lobar of segmental.
Those who have had the killed vaccine, will get atypical measles repeatedly, as long as they live - as long as they come in contact with the virus. The reason for that is that the vaccine did something to the immune system, and that they cannot acquire natural immunity from the infection.
Again, both vitamin C and A are very very useful in reducing the severity of atypical measles in 1967 vaccinees.
Rubella.
virus is present in the blood throat washing and occasionally feces for several days before the rash become apparent...
It is not as contagious as measles. Before vaccines, was most frequent among children between five to nine years of age.
From time of exposure to the appearance of rash of rubella is 14 - 21 days, usually about 18. I(n adults there may be a prodromal illness preceding the rash by 1 - 7 days and consisting of tiredness, headache, fever, mild sensitivity to light and conjunctivitis, and glands up at the back of the neck, before the rash appears.
The rash is a lighter hue and smaller than measles they may coaslesce to form a mottled erythma, almost suggestive of scarlet fever. The rash may last from 1 to 5 days but is most commonly present for 3 days..
The rash of rubella starts on the forehead and face, and then spreads downwards to the body and extremities. It is usually worst on the body, and the small rash (its a lot smaller than English measles) then can join together into blotchy bits. Rashes last 1 - 5 days, and the usual time span is 3 days.
If there is a brownish staining, then what she will have had is English measles, not rubella.
The two can easily be mixed up.
It will be the brown staining that will define which two it is.
There should be NO residual browning after rubella. That is why I put up all the symptoms for English measles for you to compare with, because many people don't know the difference. Rubella is usually pretty mild for children treated properly. However, people who use antipyretics, and decongestants, are setting their children up for more serious infections.
Some children get Rubella so mildly, that parents hardly ever know...
In adults, particularly women, there is a possibility of arthralgias and slight joint swelling, usually in the small joings, and are most marked during the peropd of rash, and take a while to go.
rubella can also be confused with Epstein Barr virus...
One of mine had swollen glands on the back of the neck with rubella, and the other didn't. Its called "Biochemical individuality".
Roseola, or infant measles.
They are sometimes referred to as the same thing.
The technical name is Exanthem subitum normally occurs between swix to 24 months, and is characterized by a high fever and rash.
The incubation period is estimated at 5 - 15 days. The infection is characterised by a sudden onset of irritability and fever which lasts for 3 to 5 days. The temperature is higher than Rubella, characteristically up to 105 degree farenheit. There can be mild swollen glands. Convulsions can occur at the height of the fever because of the precipitous rise. On the fourth to fifth day, there is a sudden drop in temperature to normal or below normal; several hours before or aftger the temperature drops, the rash suddenly appears, and is a faint 2 - 3 mm macules or maculopapules over the nexka dn ttrunk and may extend to the thighs and buttocks. It may last only a few ours, or be present for a day or two.
In the early pre-rash phase, roseola may be difficult to differentiate from an acute Streptococcal Pneumoniae, or other acute bacteremia.
Other viruses can also cause rashes. Like Fifth disease, or Slapped cheeck disease (which again has a different set of symptoms, Echoviruses in general - many types, such as Echovirus 16 infection (known as Boston Exanthem) and Echovirus 9... and probably others too. Like Coxsackie viruses...
So rash diseases in children are pretty common.
English measles.
The time from exposure to the development of the first symptoms of measles infection is usually 9 - 11 days, and from exposure to the appearance of rash is about 2 weeks
The initial manifestations of the disease are tiredness, sore eyes, dislike of the light (photophobia) , irritability, fever as high as 105 degree Farenheit, pregressing to conjunctivitis with lots of water eye discharge, swelling of the eyelids. Sometimes there is a moderately severe hacking cough, and nasal discharge. Look in the mouth, and you might see Koplik's spots, which are small red, irregular lesions in the mouth, with a raised white centre, which looks like a large attached piece of salt, appear just before the body rash.
The prodromal stage usually lasts 3 - 4 days, with a range of 1 to 8 days before the onset of a rash.
The red maculopapular rash breaks out first on the forehead, and spreads downwards over the face, neck and body and appears on the feet on the third day. The rash is thickest on the forehead, face and shoulders, though if the child is wearing nappies, it will be thick there also. The rash stays for about 3 days, disappearing in the same order in which they appeared. which means that in classical measles, the rash will be around for about 5 days.
The crucial thing to remember about English measles, is that as the spots disappear, a brown discoloration of the skin can be noticed, which gradually fades.
If you are needed a diagnostic key, then for measles, apart from the time frame, Koplik spots, and the brown patina after the rash are the definitive signs to look for.
Obviously with each child there will be variation. With our oldest, everything was shorter. With the youngest, everything was longer, and more intense, and he also got ear ache and a chest infection.
Immunodeficient children can have severe complication like giant-cell pneumonia, and sometimes the conjuctivitis can progress to corneal ulceration. Myocarditis, and superimposed bacterial pneumonia caused by Streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, or hemophilus are more common that pneumonia in these children...
In the medical literature, time and again....the administration of Vitamin A in measles has been shown to drastically reduce the severity of the course of diseases particularly in countries which have chronic vitamin A deficiencies, but some medical articles include hospitalized american children. The literature suggests using it, even in so called normal people. I advocate it when the child has photophobia, and trouble with the light.
if they don't have trouble with the light ( a sign that vitamin A is being pulled out of the retinal cells) , and are happy enough, there is no need to give it IMO.
On adults the fever lasts longer, the rash is worse, and the incidence of complication higher.
Many children who have had the measles vaccine get measles, but sometimes that is in an atypical form, therefore much harder to diagnose.
My two children got my GP all excited, because they were the first cases of classical measles that he had ever seen, so wanted to see them a lot more often so that he could get a handle on what is "normal" in unvaccinated children.
He also told me that most vaccinated children are sicker for longer (in his experience) with measles than unvaccinated children. He said that mostly they appear slightly less sick, but that it dragggggssss out...., and that he finds it much harder to treat (with quackery) than unvaccinated children.
Those who were given the killed vaccine in 1963 - 1967, can get a severe type of atypical measles in which the prodromal period is more intense, shorter (2 - 3 days) and is followed by quite a different rash of maculopapules, vesicles and petechiae (miniature blood clots in the skin) In contrast to natural measles, the rash usually begins on the feet, and moves upwards, and is concentrated on the legs and in the body creases. Peripheral edema, and pneumonia are very common, and is lobar of segmental.
Those who have had the killed vaccine, will get atypical measles repeatedly, as long as they live - as long as they come in contact with the virus. The reason for that is that the vaccine did something to the immune system, and that they cannot acquire natural immunity from the infection.
Again, both vitamin C and A are very very useful in reducing the severity of atypical measles in 1967 vaccinees.
Rubella.
virus is present in the blood throat washing and occasionally feces for several days before the rash become apparent...
It is not as contagious as measles. Before vaccines, was most frequent among children between five to nine years of age.
From time of exposure to the appearance of rash of rubella is 14 - 21 days, usually about 18. I(n adults there may be a prodromal illness preceding the rash by 1 - 7 days and consisting of tiredness, headache, fever, mild sensitivity to light and conjunctivitis, and glands up at the back of the neck, before the rash appears.
The rash is a lighter hue and smaller than measles they may coaslesce to form a mottled erythma, almost suggestive of scarlet fever. The rash may last from 1 to 5 days but is most commonly present for 3 days..
The rash of rubella starts on the forehead and face, and then spreads downwards to the body and extremities. It is usually worst on the body, and the small rash (its a lot smaller than English measles) then can join together into blotchy bits. Rashes last 1 - 5 days, and the usual time span is 3 days.
If there is a brownish staining, then what she will have had is English measles, not rubella.
The two can easily be mixed up.
It will be the brown staining that will define which two it is.
There should be NO residual browning after rubella. That is why I put up all the symptoms for English measles for you to compare with, because many people don't know the difference. Rubella is usually pretty mild for children treated properly. However, people who use antipyretics, and decongestants, are setting their children up for more serious infections.
Some children get Rubella so mildly, that parents hardly ever know...
In adults, particularly women, there is a possibility of arthralgias and slight joint swelling, usually in the small joings, and are most marked during the peropd of rash, and take a while to go.
rubella can also be confused with Epstein Barr virus...
One of mine had swollen glands on the back of the neck with rubella, and the other didn't. Its called "Biochemical individuality".
Roseola, or infant measles.
They are sometimes referred to as the same thing.
The technical name is Exanthem subitum normally occurs between swix to 24 months, and is characterized by a high fever and rash.
The incubation period is estimated at 5 - 15 days. The infection is characterised by a sudden onset of irritability and fever which lasts for 3 to 5 days. The temperature is higher than Rubella, characteristically up to 105 degree farenheit. There can be mild swollen glands. Convulsions can occur at the height of the fever because of the precipitous rise. On the fourth to fifth day, there is a sudden drop in temperature to normal or below normal; several hours before or aftger the temperature drops, the rash suddenly appears, and is a faint 2 - 3 mm macules or maculopapules over the nexka dn ttrunk and may extend to the thighs and buttocks. It may last only a few ours, or be present for a day or two.
In the early pre-rash phase, roseola may be difficult to differentiate from an acute Streptococcal Pneumoniae, or other acute bacteremia.
Other viruses can also cause rashes. Like Fifth disease, or Slapped cheeck disease (which again has a different set of symptoms, Echoviruses in general - many types, such as Echovirus 16 infection (known as Boston Exanthem) and Echovirus 9... and probably others too. Like Coxsackie viruses...
So rash diseases in children are pretty common.